身與超越之間：林兆恩「三教合一」思想中的道教重構-《道教義理》期刊官網

道教義理 ›› 2026 ›› 1 ›› 128-141

• 道教思想與諸宗教之比較、對話 • 下一篇

身與超越之間：林兆恩「三教合一」思想中的道教重構

劉樸淳

作者簡介: 劉樸淳，男，福建仙遊人，現為中央民族大學哲學與宗教學學院碩士研究生，仙遊縣三一教協會學術委員會委員、道教義理學研究會會員，研究方向：中國民間宗教、宗教人類學。

Between Embodiment and Transcendence: Daoist Reconstruction in Lin Zhao’en’s Thought of the Unity of the Three Teachings

Liu Puchun

About author: Liu Puchun, male, native of Xianyou, Fujian Province. He is currently a postgraduate student majoring in Philosophy and Religious Studies at the School of Philosophy and Religious Studies, Minzu University of China. He serves as a member of the Academic Committee of the Sanyi Religion Association of Xianyou County and a member of the Taoist Doctrines and Teachings Studies Association. His research focuses on Chinese Folk Religion and Religious Anthropology.

提要/Abstract

提要： 林兆恩作為明代重要的思想家，其宗教思想體系以儒為本，融合道釋，建構出獨特的「三教歸儒」理論框架。通過對《林子三教正宗統論》及相關著作的文本分析，本文認為，林兆恩一方面以「玄教」、「出世間法」等概念重塑道教的理論身份，另一方面又通過對道教經典的選擇性吸收、對內丹術語及修煉程序的改造，將道教轉化為服務於「三教歸儒」的入門之教。道教在林兆恩思想體系中的意義，在於它被重構為一套連接倫理實踐、修煉工夫與超越追求的具體宗教形態。

關鍵字: 林兆恩；三教合一；道教；內丹學；三一教

Abstract: As an important thinker of the Ming dynasty, Lin Zhao’en developed a religious system grounded in Confucianism while integrating elements of Daoism and Buddhism, thereby constructing a distinctive theoretical framework of “the Three Teachings returning to Confucianism.” Through a textual analysis of Linzi sanjiao zhengzong tonglun and related writings, this paper argues that Lin Zhao’en, on the one hand, reshaped the theoretical identity of Daoism through concepts such as “the Mysterious Teaching” and “world-transcending dharma”; on the other hand, through his selective absorption of Daoist classics and his transformation of inner alchemical terminology and cultivation procedures, he converted Daoism into an introductory teaching that served the framework of “the Three Teachings returning to Confucianism.” The significance of Daoism within Lin Zhao’en’s intellectual system lies in the fact that it was reconstructed as a concrete religious form connecting ethical practice, cultivation techniques, and thepursuit of transcendence.

Key words: Lin Zhao’en; the Unity of the Three Teachings; Daoism; Inner Alchemy; the Three-in-One Teaching(Sanyi jiao)

劉樸淳. 身與超越之間：林兆恩「三教合一」思想中的道教重構[J]. 道教義理，2026(1): 128-141.

Liu Puchun. Between Embodiment and Transcendence: Daoist Reconstruction in Lin Zhao’en’s Thought of the Unity of the Three Teachings[J]. Daoist Doctrines and Teachings, 2026(1): 128-141.