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道教義理 ›› 2026 ›› 1 ›› 83-93

• 老莊與玄學專題研究 •    下一篇

重探《莊子》道言關係——「謬悠」視域下的理論新詮

陳鏡安   

  • 作者簡介: 陳鏡安,男,廣東東莞人,現為暨南大學文學院2024 級哲學專業研究生,研究方向:中國哲學、美學。

Re-examining the Relationship Between Dao and Yan in “Zhuangzi”——A New Interpretation Centred on“Miuyou”

Chen Jing’an   

  • About author: Chen Jing'an, male, a native of Dongguan, Guangdong Province. He is a postgraduate student majoring in Philosophy (Class of 2024) at the College of Liberal Arts, Jinan University. His research focuses on Chinese philosophy and aesthetics.

提要: 清代樸學通過字源考據與文本互證,還原了「謬悠」的語言批判之義,使其原有「破謬達悠」的辯正邏輯得以清晰呈現,為《莊子》中「道不可言」的困境提供了一種可能的理解路徑。相較於「卮言」等語言形式,「謬悠」對語言的批判更為全面,直指語言本身避免了「以言破言」而可能導致的邏輯循環,並且與「技藝」的非言説性相通。「由技入道」的修養次階體現了「破謬達悠」的修養邏輯,這説明「謬悠」的解釋範圍並不僅限於語言層面,對《莊子》中其他漸進式的修養實踐亦具有解釋力。「謬悠」的實質在於引導主體破除一切有所待形式的執着,在不落二元的工夫實踐中,通達「無待」之境。

關鍵字: 道言關係;謬悠;卮言;技藝;修養

Abstract: “Miuyou”is a dual concept in Zhuangzi’s philosophy that combines language criticism and realm orientation:it not only reveals the limitations of secular language,but also metaphorically represents the distant realm beyond language.The special ways of speech used by Zhuangzi,such as“Zhiyan”and“Yanwuyan”,reflect a conscious and overcoming of language limitations.This critical logic of language is further connected to the nonverbal nature of“Jiyi”,and there is a structural correspondence between the improvement of Jiyi and the sublimation of the Dao realm.The deep intention of“miuyou”is to break away from all attachments to“Youdai”,integrate into the natural essence through subject cultivation,and in the practice of dissolving binary opposition and accommodating individual differences,reach the free realm of“Wudai”,ultimately unifying with“dao tong wei yi”.

Key words: Miuyou;Dao-yan relationship;Special language forms;Jiyi