「道」與「言」的張力——《莊子》的「卮言」詮釋學探賾-《道教義理》期刊官網

道教義理 ›› 2026 ›› 1 ›› 74-82

• 老莊與玄學專題研究 • 下一篇

「道」與「言」的張力——《莊子》的「卮言」詮釋學探賾

史帥濤；黃捷

作者簡介: 史帥濤，男，河南洛陽人，碩士研究生，現為廣東松山職業技術學院馬克思主義學院青年教師、韶關市六祖禪宗文化研究會員，研究方向：先秦儒家、思想史研究；黃捷，男，廣東湛江人，現為山西師範大學馬克思主義學院在讀碩士研究生，研究方向：莊子哲學。

The Tension Between“Dao”and“Yan”:An Inquiry into the Hermeneutics of“Zhi Yan”in the Zhuangzi

Shi Shuaitao;Huang Jie

About author: Shi Shuaitao, male, a native of Luoyang, Henan Province, holds a Master’s degree. He works as a young lecturer at the School of Marxism, Guangdong Songshan Polytechnic, and a member of the Shaoguan Liuzu Chan Culture Research Association. His research focuses on Pre-Qin Confucianism and intellectual history.Huang Jie, male, a native of Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province. He is currently a master’s candidate at the School of Marxism, Shanxi Normal University. His research focuses on Zhuangzi’s philosophy.

提要/Abstract

提要： 以《莊子》如何使用「卮言」消弭「道」、「言」張力的三種類型為主綫，輔綫是梳理歷來對「卮言」的各種詮釋，並將這些詮釋分別融入對「卮言」思想性的體系化探索中。若以「文本——讀者」的對話關係為背景，《莊子》的「卮言」對治「道」、「言」張力主要表現為三個階段：首先是以「卮言」的言説方式解構讀者前在於文本的認知定勢，以此消弭廣義的「道」、「言」張力；其次是以「卮言」的隱喻思維促使「道」的意義在讀者內在的生成，以此消弭體道經驗的不可言説；最後是以「卮言」的體道工夫完善「文本」和「思維」中體道的缺陷，以此消弭體道技藝的不可言説。在這一進程中，讀者開始自我轉化，向理想讀者轉化，進而將體道技藝超脫文本而貫徹於身體實踐中，也可看到「卮言」由言説方式到思維方式，最後到體道工夫的體道機制構成。

關鍵字: 《莊子》；卮言；道；言；張力

Abstract: This paper takes as its main thread the three types of how the Zhuangzi employs“zhi yan”(goblet words)to dissolve the tension between“Dao”and“yan (language/speech),with a secondary thread of sorting through various historical interpretations of“zhi yan”and integrating them into a systematic exploration of its conceptual structure.Against the background of the dialogical relationship between“text and reader,”the Zhuangzi’s use of“zhi yan”to address the Dao-yan tension manifests in three stages:first,by using the mode of“zhi yan”to deconstruct the reader’s preconceived cognitive frameworks that precede the text,thereby dissolving the tension between Dao and yan in a broad sense; second,by employing the metaphorical thinking of“zhi yan”to facilitate the generation of the meaning of Dao within the reader,thereby dissolving the ineffability of the experience of embodying Dao;third,by utilizing the self-cultivation practice of“zhi yan”to perfect the shortcomings of embodying Dao that exist in both“text”and“thinking,”thereby dissolving the ineffability of the embodied art of Dao.In this process, the reader begins a self-transformation toward an ideal reader,further transcending the text and implementing the embodied art of Dao into bodily practice.It can also be seen that“zhi yan”constitutes a mechanism for embodying Dao that progresses from a mode of speech,to a mode of thinking,and finally to a mode of self-cultivation practice.

Key words: Zhuangzi;zhi yan (goblet words);Dao;yan (language/speech);tension

史帥濤；黃捷. 「道」與「言」的張力——《莊子》的「卮言」詮釋學探賾[J]. 道教義理，2026(1): 74-82.

Shi Shuaitao; Huang Jie. The Tension Between “Dao” and “Yan”: An Inquiry into the Hermeneutics of “Zhi Yan” in the Zhuangzi[J]. Daoist Doctrines and Teachings, 2026(1): 74-82.