關鍵字: 道教信仰；道教判教；道教認同

Abstract: Rooted in Chinese culture and assimilating intellectual nutrients from diverse traditions, Daoism manifests a multiplicity of lineages, sects, and belief systems. This pluralistic configuration, often critiqued as “eclectic and multifaceted” (za er duo duan), inherently embodies a coherent structural logic and identity dynamics that consolidate Daoism into an integrated religious tradition. By examining Daoism’s doctrinal taxonomy (panjiao) and its adaptive strategies for synthesizing heterogeneous elements—ranging from classical philosophical tenets to localized ritual practices—this study reveals how Daoist identity is negotiated through both discursive frameworks and embodied religiosity. The apparent heterogeneity, rather than indicating fragmentation, reflects a historically grounded mechanism for maintaining orthopraxy while accommodating sociocultural diversity.

Key words: Daoist belief; Daoist doctrinal taxonomy (panjiao); Daoist identity